Vital steps toward success of endangered plant reintroductions

Reintroduction of endangered plants faces many challenges, but the survival of some species may depend on its success. What measures should practitioners take to ensure a successful project, and how should success be measured? Steps in the reintroduction process include planning and identification of objectives, finding source material, propagation, site selection, site preparation, outplanting, monitoring, evaluation and interpretation, feedback to improve protocols, communication with others, habitat maintenance, and repeated actions if necessary to meet objectives. Conducting reintroductions as designed experiments and applying the results through adaptive management will maximize the effectiveness of reintroductions.